Book reviews     

Maureen Woodhall  M. Baritsch  Lionel Elvin  Tessa Blackstone  A. J. Cropley  Manuel Zymelman  Joachim H. Knoll  R. Stock  Dieter Mohrhart  G. W. Maslany  Robert Koehl 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1974,20(2):249-266

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New books in review     

E. J. West  John W. Black  Otto A. Dieter  Wendell Johnson  Donald C. Bryant 《Quarterly Journal of Speech》2013,99(3):372-395

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Resilience to bullying victimization: The role of individual,family and peer characteristics     

Maria Sapouna  Dieter Wolke 《Child abuse & neglect》2013

Little research attention has been paid to bullied students who function better than expected and are therefore defined as “resilient”. The present longitudinal study aimed to identify individual, family and peer factors that predict fewer than expected levels of depression and delinquency following experiences of bullying victimization. The sample consisted 3,136 adolescents. Self-report data were used to measure bullying victimization at age 13 and 14 and depression and delinquency at age 14. We examined the effects of gender, self-esteem, social alienation, parental conflict, sibling victimization and number of close friends on levels of emotional and behavioral resilience following bullying victimization. The resilience measures were derived by regressing depression and delinquency scores at age 14 on levels of bullying victimization at age 13 and 14, respectively. The adolescents who reported low depression despite frequently experiencing bullying tended to be male, had higher self-esteem, were feeling less socially alienated, were experiencing low levels of conflict with parents and were not victimized by siblings. On the other hand, the adolescents who reported low delinquency despite frequently experiencing bullying tended to be female, had higher self-esteem, were experiencing low levels of conflict with parents, were not victimized by siblings and had less close friends. Relationships with parents and siblings continue to play some role in promoting emotional and behavioral adjustment among victims of bullying and, therefore, interventions are more likely to be successful if they target both the psychosocial skills of adolescents and their relationships with their family.  相似文献   

Effect of ski boot rear stiffness (SBRS) on maximal ACL force during injury prone landing movements in alpine ski racing: A study with a musculoskeletal simulation model     

Robert Eberle  Dieter Heinrich  Peter Kaps  Michael Oberguggenberger  Werner Nachbauer 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(12):1125-1133

A common anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury situation in alpine ski racing is landing back-weighted after a jump. Simulated back-weighted landing situations showed higher ACL-injury risk for increasing ski boot rear stiffness (SBRS) without considering muscles. It is well known that muscle forces affect ACL tensile forces during landing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different SBRS on the maximal ACL tensile forces during injury prone landings considering muscle forces by a two-dimensional musculoskeletal simulation model. Injury prone situations for ACL-injuries were generated by the musculoskeletal simulation model using measured kinematics of a non-injury situation and the method of Monte Carlo simulation. Subsequently, the SBRS was varied for injury prone landings. The maximal ACL tensile forces and contributing factors to the ACL forces were compared for the different SBRS. In the injury prone landings the maximal ACL tensile forces increased with increasing SBRS. It was found that the higher maximal ACL force was caused by higher forces acting on the tibia by the boot and by higher quadriceps muscle forces both due to the higher SBRS. Practical experience suggested that the reduction of SBRS is not accepted by ski racers due to performance reasons. Thus, preventive measures may concentrate on the reduction of the quadriceps muscle force during impact.  相似文献   

Foot loading characteristics during three fencing-specific movements   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Trautmann C  Martinelli N  Rosenbaum D 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(15):1585-1592

Plantar pressure characteristics during fencing movements may provide more specific information about the influence of foot loading on overload injury patterns. Twenty-nine experienced fencers participated in the study. Three fencing-specific movements (lunge, advance, retreat) and normal running were performed with three different shoe models: Ballestra (Nike, USA), Adistar Fencing Lo (Adidas, Germany), and the fencers' own shoes. The Pedar system (Novel, Munich, Germany) was used to collect plantar pressures at 50 Hz. Peak pressures, force-time integrals and contact times for five foot regions were compared between four athletic tasks in the lunge leg and supporting leg. Plantar pressure analysis revealed characteristic pressure distribution patterns for the fencing movements. For the lunge leg, during the lunge and advance movements the heel is predominantly loaded; during retreat, it is the hallux. For the supporting leg, during the lunge and advance movements the forefoot is predominantly loaded; during retreat, it is the hallux. Fencing-specific movements load the plantar surface in a distinct way compared with running. An effective cushioning in the heel and hallux region would help to minimize foot loading during fencing-specific movements.  相似文献   

2. German-Language Studies     

Susan Sontag  Melissa Milar  William Brohaugh  John S. Carroll  Dieter Frobisch  Hartmut Lamprecht 《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(1):16-18

Susan Sontag's On Photography (New York: Farrar, Straus &; Giroux, 1977—$7.95)

Melissa Milar and William Brohaugh, eds. 1978 Photographer's Market (Cincinatti, Ohio: Writer's Digest, 1977—$9.95)

John S. Carroll's Photographic Lab Handbook (Garden City, N.Y.: Amphoto, 1977—$10.95, paper)

Dieter Frobisch and Hartmut Lamprecht's Graphic Photo Design: Lab Techniques in Color and Black and White (Garden City, N.Y.: Amphoto, 1977—$14.95)

Dennis Longwell's Steichen: The Master Prints, 1895-1914: The Symbolist Period (New York: Museum of Modern Art/Boston: New York Graphic Society, 1978—$35.00)

Neal Slavin's When Two or More are Gathered Together (New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 1976—$12.95, paper)

Arnold Newnan's Faces USA (Garden City, N.Y.: Amphoto, 1978—$5.95, paper)

Prophotos 1 (Garden City, N.Y.: Amphoto, 1978—$4.95, paper)

Light Vision: Australia's International Photography Magazine (75 Wilson St., South Yarra, Vic. 3141, Australia—19 Australian dollars by surface mail to the U.S. with other and air rates available)

Hal Fischer's Gay Semiotics (NFS Press, P.O. Box 31040, San Francisco 94131—$6.95, paper)

Kent E. Wade, Alternative Photographic Processes (Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Morgan &; Morgan, 1978—$11.95, paper)

The Nikon Manual, Incorporating the Nikkormat and Nikonos (Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Morgan &; Morgan, 1977—$24.95)  相似文献   

AEG-Telefunken TR 440: Struktur und Technologie     

Eike Jessen  Dieter Michel und Heinz Voigt 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2008,22(4):227-235

Zusammenfassung  Der Telefunkenrechner TR 440 war bei seiner Fertigstellung 1970 die schnellste bisher in Europa entwickelte und produzierte Maschine. 46 Maschinen wurden in Wissenschaftseinrichtungen, bei Beh?rden und in der Industrie installiert. Der TR 440 folgte dem 1962 fertig gestellten TR 4, der auf demselben Markt durch Leistungsf?higkeit und sein innovatives Compilerkonzept eine wichtige Stellung erobert hatte. Der TR 440 wurde als Maschine für den Teilnehmerbetrieb entwickelt. Die Maschine war einer der ersten gro?en Rechner mit integrierten Schaltungen. Sie verfügte über Seitenadressierung und ein ausgefeiltes System von privilegierten Funktionen. Die Leistung des Prozessors betrug knapp 1 Mips, die Hauptspeicherkapazit?t 1.5 MB. Ausgangspunkt, Struktur und Technologie werden aus heutiger Sicht beschrieben. Ein Nachfolgeprodukt, TR 550, wurde konzipiert, aber nicht mehr entwickelt. Die Wertsch?tzung des TR 440 bei den Nutzern ging wesentlich auf die Systemsoftware zurück, die Gegenstand eines anderen Beitrages ist [6].

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The Telefunken TR 440 Computer was, at its deployment in 1970, the fastest machine developed and manufactured so far in Europe. 46 of them were installed in scientific institutions, agencies, and industry. The TR 440 was the successor of the TR 4 of 1962, which on the same market had gained an important position by its performance and its innovative compiler concept. TR 440 was designed for timesharing operation. The machine was one of the first large scale computers to use integrated circuits. It had page addressing and a refined system of privileged functions. The instruction rate approached 1 Mips, the main memory had a capacity of 1.5 MB. Point of departure, structure and technology are described from the point of view of today. A follow-on product, TR 550, was conceived but not developed. The appreciation TR 440 gained among its users was primarily due to its system software, which is described in a further paper [6]. TR 440 structure and technology is also subject of a paper submitted to the IEEE Annals of the History of Computing.

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„European Integration and Sport“     

Dieter H. Jütting  Bernd Schulze  Nicole Kotowski 《Sportwissenschaft》2003,33(1):100-103

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Rationalising teaching interventions—A working model of a process of research in mathematics teaching     

Dieter Lunkenbein 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1977,8(3):271-293

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Utilizing microfluidics to synthesize polyethylene glycol microbeads for F?rster resonance energy transfer based glucose sensing     

Chaitanya Kantak  Qingdi Zhu  Sebastian Beyer  Tushar Bansal  Dieter Trau 《Biomicrofluidics》2012,6(2):022006-022006-9

Here, we utilize microfluidic droplet technology to generate photopolymerizeable polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel microbeads incorporating a fluorescence-based glucose bioassay. A microfluidic T-junction and multiphase flow of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran, tetramethyl rhodamine isothiocyanate concanavalin A, and PEG in water were used to generate microdroplets in a continuous stream of hexadecane. The microdroplets were photopolymerized mid-stream with ultraviolet light exposure to form PEG microbeads and were collected at the outlet for further analysis. Devices were prototyped in PDMS and generated highly monodisperse 72 ± 2 μm sized microbeads (measured after transfer into aqueous phase) at a continuous flow rate between 0.04 ml/h—0.06 ml/h. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was conducted to analyze and confirm microbead integrity and surface morphology. Glucose sensing was carried out using a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) based assay. A proportional fluorescence intensity increase was measured within a 1–10 mM glucose concentration range. Microfluidically synthesized microbeads encapsulating sensing biomolecules offer a quick and low cost method to generate monodisperse biosensors for a variety of applications including cell cultures systems, tissue engineering, etc.  相似文献